The Manufacturing Of Sulfuric acid 2
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Sulfuric acid is produced from sulfur, oxygen and water via the contact process.
In the first step, sulfur is burned to produce sulfur dioxide.
(1) S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
This is then oxidized to sulfur trioxide using oxygen in the presence of a vanadium(V) oxide catalyst.
(2) 2 SO2 + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g) (in presence of V2O5)
Finally the sulfur trioxide is treated with water (usually as 97-98% H2SO4 containing 2-3% water) to produce 98-99% sulfuric acid.
(3) SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(l)
Note that directly dissolving SO3 in water is not practical due to the highly exothermic nature of the reaction, forming a corrosive mist instead of a liquid. Alternatively, SO3 can be absorbed into H2SO4 to produce oleum (H2S2O7), which may then be mixed with water to form sulfuric acid.
(3) H2SO4(l) + SO3 → H2S2O7(l)
Oleum is reacted with water to form concentrated H2SO4.
(4) H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) → 2 H2SO4(l)
In the first step, sulfur is burned to produce sulfur dioxide.
(1) S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
This is then oxidized to sulfur trioxide using oxygen in the presence of a vanadium(V) oxide catalyst.
(2) 2 SO2 + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g) (in presence of V2O5)
Finally the sulfur trioxide is treated with water (usually as 97-98% H2SO4 containing 2-3% water) to produce 98-99% sulfuric acid.
(3) SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(l)
Note that directly dissolving SO3 in water is not practical due to the highly exothermic nature of the reaction, forming a corrosive mist instead of a liquid. Alternatively, SO3 can be absorbed into H2SO4 to produce oleum (H2S2O7), which may then be mixed with water to form sulfuric acid.
(3) H2SO4(l) + SO3 → H2S2O7(l)
Oleum is reacted with water to form concentrated H2SO4.
(4) H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) → 2 H2SO4(l)
